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BioFuels PDF:
Charts on biofuel and Biofuel vs Hydrogen vs Oil.Includes analysis and stats from Brazil's efforts too. bullets like these: US Automakers: less investment than hydrogen; compatible with hybrids Agricultural Interests: more income, less pressure on subsidies; new opportunity for Cargill, ADM, farmers co-operatives, Environmental Groups: faster & lower risk to renewable future; aligned with instead of against other interests Oil Majors: equipped to build/own ethanol factories& distribution; lower geopolitical risk, financial wherewithal to own ethanol infrastruct.; diversification Distribution (old & New): no significant infrastructure change; potential new distribution sources (e.g. Walmart) Require 70% new cars to be Flex Fuel Vehicles require yellow gas caps & provide incentives to automakers Require E85 ethanol distribution at 10% of gas stations . for gas station owners with more than 25 stations Legislate a cheap oil tax if it drops below $40/barrel . Using the proceeds to stabilize prices when prices are high & build reserves Loan guarantees of first few new technology plants Institute RFS for E85 & cellulosic ethanol Switch subsidies (same $/acre) to energy crops Switch ethanol subsidy from blenders to plant builders Change subsidy amount based on the wholesale price of ethanol (five years only) Switch CAFÉ mileage to petroleum mileage Allow imports of foreign ethanol tax free above RFS standard For seven years provide cellulosic credits above ethanol credits NRDC: 114m acres for our transportation needs Jim Woolsey/ George Shultz estim. 60m acres Khosla: 55 m acres Ethanol from municipal & animal waste, forest Direct synthesis of ethanol or other hydrocarbons Energy Crops: Miscanthus, Switch Grass, Poplar, Willow, 250 million tons of plant waste from current crops, Claim is made that with these techniques including alternate crops and waste South Dakota alone could produce 3,429 thousand bbl per day. That's just under Iran's current oil production. this claim is made: In 2015, 78M export acres plus 39M CRP acres could produce 384M gallons of ethanol per day or ~75% of current U.S. gasoline demand Energy Balance (Energy OUT vs. IN) Corn ethanol numbers ~1.2-1.8X Petroleum energy balance at ~0.8 .but reality from non-corn ethanol is Sugarcane ethanol (Brazil) ~8X Cellulosic ethanol ~4-8X Companies & Technologies BCI Clearfuels Full Circle Edenspace Agrivada Mascoma Synthetic Genomics Novazyme Genencor Diversa Iogen Ceres Corn Ethanol Cos. Coal to Liquids MSW to Ethanol Posted by: 3dc 2006-05-03 |
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