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How big is Iran's military?

Haaretz does an inventory.

Listed below are some details about Iran's military capability. The totals include equipment held by the Revolutionary Guards, which operate on land, at sea and in the air:

ARMED FORCES:

Iran has over 523,000 personnel in active service. Major General Ataollah Salehi is the armed forces chief.

MISSILES:

In a 2007 parade to mark the anniversary of 1980-88 Iran-Iraq war, Iran showed its Shahab 3 missile, saying it could travel 2,000 km -- enabling it to hit Israel and U.S. bases in the region. Another missile at the parade, the Ghadr 1, can reach targets 1,800 km away. It was believed to be the first time it has been shown publicly. In November 2008, Iran said it test-fired a Sejjil missile with a range of close to 2,000 km.

ARMY:

The army comprises about 350,000 men, including 220,000 conscripts.
350,000 less 220,000 leaves 130,000 professional cadres. The 220,000 can be dismissed as cannon fodder, which is how they were used in the Iran-Iraq War. The Iranian military as at the bottom of the ayatollahs' trust totem. The ayatollahs used the war to burn off a significant part of the shah-era officers' corps. Add in the ethnic (and language) divisions and the structure becomes even more shaky: Turkic-speaking Azeris make up a quarter of the population. There are significant (but not as large) groups of Arabs, Kurds, and Baluchis.
The Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps, viewed as the most loyal guardian of the ruling system, has another 125,000 men.
IRGC is the ayatollahs' attempt at an "SS," loyal to the regime before the state. To me, they're a seedy-looking lot, given to strutting and posing and making faces. I could be wrong, though.
In 2004 the army was organised in four corps, with four armored divisions and six infantry divisions.
I dunno if that's four corps, each with four armored and six infantry divisions, which sounds pretty heavy, or four corps each with an armored division and 1.5 infantry divisions, which'd be more believable. My guess would be the latter.

There are 1,600 tanks including some 100 Zulfiqar locally produced main battle tanks.
Zulfiqar's a first-generation effort, if I recall, using bits and pieces of M48, M60 technology for the suspension and the 125mm main gun from the T72. I don't know what kind of armor it has. I doubt if an Abrams would care.
A large number of Iran's tanks are elderly British-made Chieftains and U.S.-made M-60s.
These are known among modern armies as "targets"...

Soviet-made T-54 and T-55s, T-59s, T-62s, and T-72s were also part of the inventory, all captured from the Iraqis or acquired from North Korea and China.
The T54 was originally introduced in... ummm... 1954. It has an 85mm main gun. The T55 was introduced a year later and has a 100mm main gun, though otherwise pretty much the same tank. The T59 is the Chinese version of the T54A. The T62 was introduced in (wait for it!) 1962. It has a 115mm main gun and the autoejector had the bad habit of missing the slot and sending the shell casing whizzing around the inside of the turret at high speed, occasionally taking off part of the gunner's or loader's head. It was a spectacular flop on Afghan roads. The T72 was the export version of the T64, which the Sovs kept for themselves. It lacked some of the niceties of the T64, particularly the armor, but it was cheaper to build. I think it had the same 125mm main gun.

The Iraqis had lots of Soviet tanks in the First Gulf War (and in the more recent festivities as well). One of the things our guys liked best about them was their active IR: that big-ass infrared searchlight mounted next to the main gun on the turrets. This was supposed to allow the gunners to search out infantry and other targets at night. Our tanks use passive IR, so those nice big searchlights made really neat aiming points at some pretty extreme distances.

A report from the International Institute for Strategic Studies says that some of the tanks' serviceability may be in doubt.
Yeah. I hear their trebuchets' serviceability might be in doubt, too. Their caltrops are pretty well kept, though.

There are around 640 armored personnel carriers. There are 8,196 artillery pieces of which 2,010 are towed, and over 310 are self-propelled.
8,196 artillery pieces less 2,010 leaves 6,186, less 310 leaves 5,876 that are neither towed nor self-propelled. I suppose that means they're pack howitzers, like the U.S. army used to pack around on mules in 1944 or thereabouts. Or maybe they're talking about mortars.
NAVY:

There are 18,000 naval personnel. The navy has its headquarters at Bandar-e Abbas. Iran's navy has three Russian Kilo class submarines, three frigates and two corvettes.

As of 2001 the regular Iranian navy was in a state of overall obsolescence, and in poor shape because they had not been equipped with modern ships and weapons. The readiness of the three frigates is doubtful, and the two nearly 40-year-old corvettes do not have sophisticated weapons.

In late 2007 Iran launched a new locally made submarine and a navy frigate named as Jamaran. Jane's Defence Weekly has reported that Iran was also building missile-launching frigates copied from 275-tonne Kaman fast attack missile craft originally purchased from France in the late 1970s.

AIR FORCE:

The air force has some 30,000 personnel and 319 combat aircraft. However, serviceability may be as low as around 60 percent for U.S. aircraft types and 80 percent for Russian aircraft. There are F-14 and MiG 29 aircraft. There are also some aircraft impounded from Iraq -- Russian-built Sukhoi Su-24s and 25s. Iran also has transport aircraft and helicopters ~~and one less AWACS plane~~.

In September 2007, Iran said it had tested two new domestically-produced jet fighters. State television said the Saegheh was a new generation of the Azarakhsh (Lightning) fighter. Iran said it was being built on an industrial scale.
Posted by: Steve White 2009-09-29

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