Despite the continued reform efforts in Iran, the real political power still lies with the fundamentalist clerics, who control the military, police, and the paramilitary Revolutionary Guards. The Revolutionary Guards are not technically part of the military, and are a separate armed force. This is much the same way that the KGB and MVD possessed their own conventional ground forces in the Soviet Union, and yet remained apart from the regular military. Iran's Constitution provides that the military's mission is to safeguard the country from invasion, the Revolutionary Guards' mission is to safeguard the Islamic Revolution itself. A large part of this mission entails enforcing the strict code of Islamic law.
By best estimates, the Guards consist of at least several hundred thousand enlisted men and officers organized into battalion-sized units. The average estimate is around 350,000 officers and men. Although the Guards are not officially part of the military, they are basically a force unto themselves, comprising armored, infantry, air defense, and engineer units organized along conventional military lines. Like most of the Iranian military, the Guards' equipment is largely outdated, since no one seems to want to supply Iran with large quantities of sophisticated arms. However, with Iran's burgeoning domestic arms industry, the sophistication of the Revolutionary Guards weapons could change in the future. |