As Afghanistan struggles to cut its raging opium production, aid workers try to find alternative crops, but for some former poppy farmers the choice was easy - they planted marijuana instead. AfghanistanÂ’s opium crop topped all records this year, producing some 93 percent of the worldÂ’s supply of the drug. But while there has been a sharp rise in poppy production in the troubled south, the drug crop has been eliminated in a growing number of provinces in the safer north of the country. Balkh province in the north was trumpeted as a success story - from 7,000 hectares of poppies cultivated in 2006, it was declared opium-free in 2007 after strong local government action.
But around the ancient citadel of Balkh, in fields where pink poppy flowers stood last year, jagged green marijuana stalks poke above other crops and in places whole cannabis fields produce a pungent aroma strong enough to be picked by passing motorists. The farmers are still cautious. “They are not my fields,” said Shamseddin, surrounded by head-high cannabis plants in full flower. “I don’t know who they belong to,” he said, dropping a sickle to the ground and nudging it away with his foot. Others said they only planted marijuana to shield their cotton fields from livestock or that it was just a trial crop.
Lack of funds: “The landlords used to plant poppy, but then the government came along and destroyed the crops,” said farm worker Mohammad Yassin. “This year we planted marijuana, the dealers will come and buy the crop from us, so we’ll see what we make from it. We probably won’t plant any next year.” Marijuana, while not as profitable as opium, still makes more money than other legal crops.
“In order to survive and feed their families, the farmers have to cultivate marijuana,” said Balkh drug squad chief Faiz Mohammad. “Other crops don’t give a good profit.” Last month the United States unveiled a carrot-and-stick strategy to combat opium production. It plans to spend $25 million to $50 million in the next fiscal year to reward provinces that make significant progress against drugs.
