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Europe
Estonian volunteers rush to join militia
2015-09-16
Makes you wonder why the Estonians feel so threatened all of a sudden...
Estonia and the Baltic republics all have ties to Russia and history that dates back to the Rurik (pre Russian) dynasty back around 800 AD.
Members of Estonia's part-time militia crouch in a sandy trench on a hilltop as machine gun fire echoes through rain washed forest. Russia may be some way off but it is wariness of a vast neighbour that is swelling the force's ranks, drawing labourers and office workers alike to a gruelling exercise.

The Defence League of the Baltic State has grown 10 percent to almost 16,000 soldiers since Russian President Vladimir Putin's annexation of Crimea last year and support for rebels in eastern Ukraine raised security fears in the small NATO nation.

"Young people today want to do their bit for the defence of their country," medic Riho Mannik, 35, said near a dug-in mortar position during the exercise of 700 volunteers, near the village of Pala 160 kms (100 miles) from the Russian border.

Mannik, who works as an ambulance team leader in his normal job, said young people can also learn skills from the military to help "their civilian life and their job prospects."
"BE! All that you can BE!..."
The Kremlin denies Western charges it fomented rebellion in Russian-speaking eastern Ukraine. But Tallinn fears the Kremlin could incite unrest among Estonia's own ethnic Russian, who account for some 25 percent of the population, concentrated in Tallinn and around Narva near the border.
To be fair, ethnic Russians in Ukraine have a legitimate beef against the Ukrainian government. Armed political groups in the wake of the 2013 coup attacked ethnic Russians, sparking a fear of an official program against Russian Ukrainians. See the Odessa Trades Union fire and what the Russians there call a massacre. See also, unfortunate statements made by US General Robert Scales who said on TV that the main goal of the Ukrainian government should be to kill Russians in southeastern Ukraine. You can understand their fears. Also, because a NATO friendly government was installed, Russians were afraid of losing their only warm water naval base in Crimea. The central figure in that, reserve FSB Colonel Igor Girkin has always said that he drove the program for the Russian invasion and takeover of Crimea. Girkin did much the same in fomenting a rebellion in Donetsk, even going as far as to accept aid directly from the Russian military. None of this has ever been denied by Girkin.
Its fears are shared by the other Baltic states ruled from Moscow from World War Two until 1991 - Lithuania and Latvia.
Latvia's population, as I recall, is about 45% ethnic Russian, thanks to Stalin's mass population moves just after WWII...
Weary after a night in early September camping out in the rain in teams of attackers and defenders, an assault on the hilltop starts with simulated 81 mm mortar rounds and bursts of machinegun and small arms fire - all blanks.

Soldiers in camouflage gear run around the forest's hills and gullies and eventually, exercise umpires with blue tags on their uniforms say the attackers have suffered heavy losses and been repulsed.

But they are expected to regroup and hit the dug-in positions again in the exercise, dubbed "Northern Frog".

Apart from worries about Ukraine, many Estonians were angered by the sentencing in Russia last month of an Estonian police officer, Eston Kohver, to 15 years in prison on charges of espionage. Tallinn say he was illegally abducted at gunpoint from a border crossing in September 2014 by Russians using radio jamming equipment and smoke grenades. Russia says Kohver was on Russian territory.

"The kidnapping ... made communication security and cyber defence even more important parts of our defence," Lieutenant Colonel Marek Laanisto, commander the Viru district of the Defence League, said as soldiers wearing headphones in a light truck tapped away on laptops.

In the first half of this year, the number of soldiers in the Defence League, under the command of the Estonian Ministry of Defence and military HQ, rose by 504 to 15,577. Numbers surged by 935 in 2014, almost all after Russia's annexation of Crimea in March. By contrast, just 324 people joined in all of 2013.
The numbers are small, but if Russia goes about this in the semi-stealth way they've dealt with Ukraine, the numbers might be enough for a holding action.
The Russian armed rebels in Ukraine totaled 60,000 effectives at their highest mark in December, 2014 with Russian commanders, Russian cadre and about 40 percent Russian soldiers who went to Ukraine to "help out". The rest were locals and international volunteers. The Ukrainians fielded, including private military units about 120,000. So, neither side had sufficient numbers to force a decision, but both sides had sufficient armaments to continue the war.
Then 20,000 militia won't be enough to continue anything if the Russian "volunteers" show up like they did in the Ukraine...
With an ageing, declining population of just 1.3 million, the regular Estonian defence forces have around 3,200 professional personnel. Estonia is one of few NATO nations to spend a NATO goal of two percent of gross domestic product on defence.

The smallest of the three Baltic countries, Estonia has maintained conscription for men over 18 since independence from the former Soviet Union in 1991, so it has a reserve of 60,000 who have completed basic military training.

Many in the Defence League - aged from 18 with no upper limit although all have to pass a fitness test - volunteer their weekends and week nights for training and attending yearly exercises like Northern Frog. An emergency force, it can also be used to help in civil emergencies such as floods.
I wouldn't cling too hard to the Russian contention that the Russian Army could overrun the Baltic republics in a day. I suspect it would take them about a week to do so, and the Estonians, having long time ties to Russians, would take a good sized chunk out of the Russian Army before they could reach the Baltic Sea.
Posted by:Steve White

#1  (a) There is a wiki article on Estonia. It was an independent country---specializing in piracy. Then Danish possession---Danes got tired of pirate raids. Than Teutonic Order possession. Then Swedish possession. Then, since 18th century, Russian possession.
(b) If Russia want them, Russia will take them. However, Russian current policy toward "near-abroad" is Finlandization not occupation.
(c) To me it seems obvious that Tranzis using Russia as a bugbear to distract the, small, part of Western populations still capable of opposing them.
Posted by: g(r)omgoru   2015-09-16 02:27  

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